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A Cause for Concern Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. It is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer deaths in women, with 604,127 cases and 314,831 deaths in 2020. In Malaysia, the age-standardised rate is 6.2 per 100,000 females, making it the third most common cancer among women. If…

What Are Added Sugars? Added sugars are sugars and syrups that are added to foods during processing or preparation, as opposed to naturally occurring sugars found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.1-3 Common sources include high-fructose corn syrup, cane sugar, and honey. These added sugars are prevalent in a variety of foods, from obvious culprits like soft drinks and candies…

Breastfeeding is more than just a method of feeding an infant; it is a vital practice that offers numerous health benefits for both the baby and the mother.1-3 Recognised by health organisations worldwide, breastfeeding is recommended as the best source of nutrition for infants. It is advisable to continue breastfeeding along with introducing appropriate complementary foods around 6 months, as…

Defining Antimicrobial Resistance Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical global health challenge, posing a significant threat to effective treatment of infections.1,2 It is defined as the ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of drugs that once killed them or inhibited their growth.3 AMR can affect any microbe, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, making it a multi-faceted…

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with the highest mortality rates for both men and women,1 making this day serve as a reminder of the crucial need for education, early detection, and research to combat this devastating disease. Understanding Lung Cancer Lung cancer begins in the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body.2,3…

Understanding Dengue Fever  Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, is an increasing global concern. It is caused by four serotypes of the dengue virus (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4).1-3 An initial infection with one serotype grants lifelong immunity to that strain but only temporary and partial protection against the others. Subsequent infections with a different serotype raise…

With the rising prevalence of obesity, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has emerged as a common type of heart failure.1 Approximately 45% of HFpEF patients also have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).2 Patients with both conditions experience greater symptom burden, worse functional capacity and a 70% higher risk of hospitalisation and death than those without T2DM.3,4 As there…

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition affecting 300 million people worldwide.1 While majority of asthmatic patients are able to control their symptoms with the standard controller therapy, approximately 10% have severe asthma that remains poorly controlled despite receiving treatment with high-dose inhaler corticosteroids (ICS) plus a second controller with or without oral corticosteroids (OCS).1 Patients with severe asthma carry heavy…

What is sciatica? Sciatica is a condition caused by the inflammation, compression or pinching of the sciatic nerve, which results in radiating leg pain. Sciatica can be severe and even limit daily activities. The pain is often worsened when one twists, bends, or coughs. It has an annual incidence of 1-5%, and a lifetime incidence of 10-40%. Older age (45-65…

What’s the first thing that comes to your mind when you see a person with reddened skin patches all over their arms? Eczema, right? But wait. It could also be something more severe called psoriasis. Unlike eczema which is inflammatory in nature, psoriasis is more of an autoimmune disorder whereby the body’s own immune system attacks healthy skin and joint…